Articles

 Common DNS Errors and How to Fix Them

DNS issues can be confusing since symptoms often appear elsewhere (a "site not found" error...

 DNS Fundamentals: A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, TXT & NS Records Explained

DNS translates human-readable domain names into the information servers actually need — IP...

 How to Block Countries/IP Ranges at the Firewall Level

For services with a clearly defined legitimate audience, blocking traffic from entire countries...

 How to Configure MX Records for Email Delivery

MX (Mail Exchange) records tell the internet which servers handle incoming email for your domain....

 How to Configure Multiple Network Interfaces on a VPS

Some VPS configurations include multiple network interfaces — for example, a public-facing...

 How to Configure Split-Horizon DNS

Split-horizon DNS returns different answers for the same domain depending on where the query...

 How to Configure a Static IP on a Linux VPS

Most VPS providers assign a static (unchanging) IP address by default, but understanding how...

 How to Migrate DNS to a New Provider Without Downtime

Moving your domain's DNS management to a new provider — whether for better tooling,...

 How to Point a Domain to Your VPS (A/AAAA Records)

Before your website is reachable at yourdomain.com instead of a raw IP address, you need to...

 How to Set Up DNS Load Balancing and Failover

DNS-level load balancing and failover distribute traffic across multiple servers or automatically...

 How to Set Up DNSSEC for Your Domain

DNSSEC adds cryptographic authentication to DNS responses, protecting against DNS spoofing and...

 How to Set Up Port Forwarding on a Linux VPS

Port forwarding redirects traffic arriving on one port to a different port or internal address...

 How to Set Up a CDN in Front of Your VPS

A Content Delivery Network (CDN) caches your site's static content across globally distributed...

 How to Set Up a DNS-Based Ad Blocker (Pi-hole) on a VPS

Pi-hole blocks ads and trackers network-wide by filtering DNS requests before they reach known...

 How to Set Up a Private Network Between Multiple VPS Instances

When running multiple VPS instances that need to communicate (a web server and a separate...

 How to Set Up a Secondary/Slave DNS Server

A secondary DNS server provides redundancy for your domain's DNS — if your primary...

 How to Test Network Speed and Latency on a VPS

Understanding your VPS's actual network performance helps diagnose slow application response...

 How to Test and Verify Your DNS Configuration Is Correct

After making DNS changes, systematically verifying everything is correctly configured catches...

 How to Use CNAME Records Correctly

CNAME records let you alias one domain name to another, but they come with important restrictions...

 How to Use dig and nslookup for DNS Troubleshooting

dig and nslookup are the essential command-line tools for diagnosing DNS issues — this...

 Understanding BGP and Anycast (Advanced Networking Concepts)

BGP and Anycast are foundational to how large-scale internet infrastructure and CDNs operate....

 Understanding DNS Propagation and TTL

DNS changes don't take effect everywhere instantly — understanding propagation and TTL...

 Understanding MTU and How It Affects Network Performance

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determines the largest packet size that can traverse a network...

 Understanding NAT and How It Affects Your VPS

Network Address Translation (NAT) is a fundamental networking concept affecting how devices...

 Understanding Subnets and CIDR Notation

CIDR notation appears throughout firewall rules, network configuration, and cloud provider...

 Understanding iptables and nftables (Advanced Firewall Rules)

UFW is a friendly front-end, but it's built on top of the Linux kernel's actual packet filtering...

 WireGuard vs OpenVPN: Choosing a VPN Protocol

Both WireGuard and OpenVPN are solid, widely-used VPN protocols, but they differ meaningfully in...